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Umgaqo-siseko kunye noMsebenzi weeNxibelelanisi zoBubushushu kwiimitha ze-pH kunye neemitha zokuQhuba

 

Iimitha ze-pHkwayeiimitha zokuqhubazisetyenziswa ngokubanzi izixhobo zokuhlalutya kuphando lwezenzululwazi, ukubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo, kunye neenkqubo zemveliso yemizi-mveliso. Ukusebenza kwabo okuchanekileyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizisombululo zereferensi ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ixabiso le-pH kunye ne-conductivity yombane kwezi zisombululo zichaphazeleka kakhulu ngokuhluka kweqondo lokushisa. Njengoko iqondo lokushisa litshintsha, zombini iiparamitha zibonisa iimpendulo ezahlukileyo, ezinokuchaphazela ukuchaneka komlinganiselo. Ngexesha lokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological, kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga kweembuyekezo zeqondo lokushisa kwezi zixhobo kukhokelela ekuphambukeni okukhulu kwiziphumo zokulinganisa. Ngaphezu koko, abanye abasebenzisi abaqondi kakuhle imigaqo esisiseko yembuyekezo yeqondo lokushisa okanye abaphumeleli ukuqaphela ukungafani phakathi kwe-pH kunye nemitha ye-conductivity, okubangelwa ukusetyenziswa okungalunganga kunye nedatha engathembekiyo. Ngoko ke, ukuqonda ngokucacileyo imigaqo kunye nokwahlula phakathi kweendlela zembuyekezo yeqondo lokushisa kwezi zixhobo zibini kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuchaneka kokulinganisa.

I. Imigaqo kunye nemiSebenzi yeziBonelelo zoBubushushu

1. Imbuyekezo yoBubushushu kwiimitha ze-pH
Ekulinganisweni kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kweemitha ze-pH, imilinganiselo engachanekanga idla ngokuvela ekusebenziseni ngokungafanelekanga umbuyiseli wobushushu. Umsebenzi ophambili we-pH yemitha yembuyekezo yobushushu kukulungelelanisa i-coefficient yempendulo ye-electrode ngokwe-Nernst equation, eyenza ukuzimisela ngokuchanekileyo kwe-pH yesisombululo kwiqondo lokushisa langoku.

Umahluko onokwenzeka (kwi-mV) owenziwe yinkqubo ye-electrode yokulinganisa uhlala uhleli kungakhathaliseki ukushisa; nangona kunjalo, uvakalelo lwempendulo ye-pH-oko kukuthi, utshintsho kwi-voltage kwiyunithi nganye pH-iyahluka kunye nobushushu. I-equation ye-Nernst ichaza obu budlelwane, ibonisa ukuba ithambeka lethiyori yempendulo ye-electrode liyenyuka ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu. Xa i-comensator yeqondo lokushisa ivuliwe, isixhobo silungisa into yokuguqula ngokufanelekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso le-pH elibonisiweyo lihambelana nokushisa kwangempela kwesisombululo. Ngaphandle kwembuyekezo yobushushu obufanelekileyo, i-pH elinganisiweyo ingabonisa ubushushu obulinganisiweyo kunesampulu yobushushu, ekhokelela kwiimpazamo. Ke, imbuyekezo yobushushu ivumela imilinganiselo ethembekileyo ye-pH kuzo zonke iimeko ezahlukeneyo zobushushu.

2. IMbuyekezo yoBuqondo kwiimitha zokuSebenza
I-conductivity yombane ixhomekeke kwiqondo le-ionization ye-electrolytes kunye nokuhamba kwee-ion kwisisombululo, zombini zixhomekeke kwiqondo lokushisa. Njengoko iqondo lokushisa linyuka, ukuhamba kwe-ionic kwanda, okubangela amaxabiso aphezulu okuqhuba; ngokuchaseneyo, amaqondo obushushu asezantsi anciphisa ukuhanjiswa. Ngenxa yolu kuxhomekeka kumandla, ukuthelekiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwemilinganiselo ye-conductivity ethathwe kumaqondo okushisa ahlukeneyo ayithethi ngaphandle komgangatho.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthelekisa, ukufundwa kwe-conductivity ngokuqhelekileyo kubhekiselwa kwiqondo lobushushu eliqhelekileyo-elihlala li-25 °C. Ukuba i-comensator yeqondo lokushisa ivaliwe, isixhobo sibika i-conductivity kwiqondo lokushisa langempela. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukulungiswa kwesandla kusetyenziswa i-coefficient yokushisa efanelekileyo (β) kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuguqula umphumo kwiqondo lokushisa elibhekiselele. Nangona kunjalo, xa isihlawuleli sokushisa sivuliwe, isixhobo senza ngokuzenzekelayo olu guqulelo ngokusekelwe kwi-coefficient yokushisa echazwe kwangaphambili okanye eguqulelwe ngumsebenzisi. Oku kwenza uthelekiso olungaguqukiyo kuzo zonke iisampulu kwaye ixhasa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yolawulo ethe ngqo kwishishini. Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo, iimitha ze-conductivity zanamhlanje phantse zibandakanya ukusebenza kwembuyekezo yeqondo lobushushu, kwaye iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa i-metrological kufuneka zibandakanye ukuvavanywa kolu phawu.

II. Iingqwalasela zokuSebenza kwi-pH kunye neemitha zokuQhuba ngeMbuyekezo yoBuqondo

1. Izikhokelo zokuSebenzisa i-pH Meter Temperature Compensation
Ekubeni isibonakaliso se-mV esilinganisiweyo asifani neqondo lokushisa, indima yomxhasi weqondo lokushisa kukuguqula i-slope (i-coefficient yokuguqula i-K) yempendulo ye-electrode ukuze ihambelane neqondo lokushisa langoku. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu bezisombululo zesithinteli ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lolungelelwaniso luhambelana nesampulu elinganiswayo, okanye imbuyekezo yobushushu echanekileyo iyasetyenziswa. Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza oko kunokubangela iimpazamo ezicwangcisiweyo, ngakumbi xa kusenziwa iisampulu zokulinganisa kude nobushushu bokulinganisa.

2. Izikhokelo zokuSebenzisa iConductivity Meter Temperature Compensation
I-coefficient yokulungisa iqondo lobushushu (β) idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni umlinganiselo wokuqhuba kwiqondo lobushushu lereferensi. Izisombululo ezahlukeneyo zibonisa amaxabiso e-β ahlukeneyo-umzekelo, amanzi endalo ngokuqhelekileyo ane-β malunga ne-2.0-2.5% / ° C, ngelixa i-acids eqinile okanye iziseko zingahluka kakhulu. Izixhobo ezinee-coefficient zokulungisa ezisisigxina (umzekelo, 2.0 %/°C) zinokuzisa iimpazamo xa kulinganiswa izisombululo ezingezizo ezisemgangathweni. Kwizicelo ezichanekileyo eziphezulu, ukuba i-coefficient eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ayikwazi ukulungiswa ukuze ihambelane neyona β yesisombululo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhubaze umsebenzi wembuyekezo yeqondo lokushisa. Endaweni yoko, linganisa ubushushu besisombululo ngokuchanekileyo kwaye wenze ulungiso ngesandla, okanye ugcine isampuli ngokuthe ngqo kwi-25 °C ngexesha lokulinganisa ukuphelisa imfuno yembuyekezo.

III. Iindlela zokuHlola eziKhawulezayo zokuchonga ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwiiNxibelelwano zoBubushushu

1. Indlela yokuKhangela eKhawulezayo ye-pH Meter Temperature Compensation
Okokuqala, linganisa imitha ye-pH usebenzisa izisombululo ezibini eziqhelekileyo zesithinteli ukuseka ithambeka elichanekileyo. Emva koko, linganisa isisombululo sesithathu esiqinisekisiweyo esisemgangathweni phantsi kweemeko ezihlawulelwayo (kunye nembuyekezo yeqondo lokushisa inikwe amandla). Thelekisa ukufundwa okufunyenweyo kunye nexabiso elilindelekileyo le-pH kwiqondo lokushisa langempela lesisombululo, njengoko kuchaziwe "kwi-Verification Regulation for pH Meters." Ukuba ukuphambuka kudlula impazamo enkulu evumelekileyo kwiklasi yokuchaneka kwesixhobo, umxhasi weqondo lokushisa unokungasebenzi kakuhle kwaye ufuna ukuhlolwa kobuchwephesha.

2. Indlela yokuHlola eKhawulezayo ye-Conductivity Meter Temperature Compensation
Ukulinganisa i-conductivity kunye nokushisa kwesisombululo esizinzile usebenzisa imitha ye-conductivity kunye nembuyekezo yeqondo lokushisa elinikwe amandla. Rekhoda ixabiso le-conductivity elibonisiweyo. Emva koko, khubaza isibuyekezi sobushushu kwaye urekhode i-conductivity eluhlaza kwiqondo lobushushu elililo. Ukusebenzisa i-coefficient yokushisa eyaziwayo yesisombululo, bala i-conductivity elindelekileyo kwiqondo lokushisa elibhekiselele (25 °C). Thelekisa ixabiso elibaliweyo kunye nentlawulo yokufunda yesixhobo. Umahluko obonakalayo ubonisa impazamo enokwenzeka kwi-algorithm yembuyekezo yeqondo lobushushu okanye isivamvo, efuna uqinisekiso olongezelelweyo yilabhoratri eqinisekisiweyo ye-metrology.

Ukuqukumbela, imisebenzi yembuyekezo yobushushu kwiimitha ze-pH kunye neemitha zokuqhuba zisebenza ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Kwiimitha ze-pH, imbuyekezo ilungisa uvakalelo lwempendulo ye-electrode ukuze ibonise iziphumo zexesha lokwenene lobushushu ngokweequation ye-Nernst. Kwiimitha ze-conductivity, imbuyekezo yenza ufundo luqheleke kwiqondo lobushushu lereferensi ukwenzela ukuba kuthelekiswe iisampulu enqamlezileyo. Ukubhidanisa ezi ndlela kunokukhokelela ekutolikweni okuphosakeleyo kunye nomgangatho wedatha osengozini. Ukuqonda ngokucokisekileyo imigaqo-siseko yabo kuqinisekisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo nethembekileyo. Ukongezelela, iindlela zokuxilonga ezichazwe ngasentla zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze iimvavanyo zangaphambili zokusebenza kombuyiseli. Ukuba kufunyaniswe naziphi na iziphazamiso, ukungeniswa ngokukhawuleza kwesixhobo soqinisekiso olusesikweni lwemitha iyacetyiswa ngamandla.

 

Bhala umyalezo wakho apha kwaye uwuthumele kuthi
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-10-2025

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